You have probably heard of the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agency in the news, but many people don’t fully understand what it does. ICE is the government agency in charge of enforcing immigration laws and investigating crimes involving customs, trade and national security. Understanding its role and your rights can help you stay calm if you ever encounter ICE officers in Texas.
A brief history
The U.S. government created ICE in 2003 as part of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) after the 9/11 attacks. The goal was to strengthen national security by combining immigration and customs enforcement into one agency. It took over some functions of the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). The agency has two main branches:
- Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO): Finds, arrests and deports people who break U.S. immigration laws.
- Homeland Security Investigations (HSI): Handles crimes linked to immigration, human trafficking, cybercrime and illegal trade.
Together, these divisions help protect communities and the country as a whole.
How ICE operates today
ICE is still in charge of immigration enforcement throughout the country. Officers often work with local police on operations from targeted arrests to job site inspections. Because its authority is so broad, you might encounter them at homes, businesses or public places.
What to do if you encounter ICE
If someone says they are from ICE, stay calm and do not panic. Here are a few things to remember:
- Ask for ID: ICE officers must carry official government ID.
- Do not lie: Answer their questions, but do not volunteer details about your immigration status or other personal information.
- Know your rights: You have the right to remain silent and right to an attorney. Let them know you will not answer questions without legal counsel.
- Avoid physical resistance: Physically resisting an ICE officer can lead to criminal charges.
- Keep your papers ready: If you are a legal Texas resident or have proper documentation, keep it handy but only provide it when required by law or your attorney.
Staying calm and informed keeps you safer and helps prevent misunderstandings.
Get legal help if you are unsure
ICE is a powerful agency with broad authority over immigration enforcement and criminal investigations. Talk to an experienced immigration attorney if you have questions or concerns about your interactions with them.